Time spent outdoors is one of the best parts of a Montana summer, with kids enjoying all the season has to offer. While outdoor activities are great for physical and mental health, they also increase exposure to sun and heat, raising the risk of sunburn, dehydration, and heat-related illness. Fortunately, a few simple precautions can help keep children safe, healthy, and active all season long.
Sun Exposure
Children's skin is more sensitive than adults', and even a single severe sunburn can increase the risk of skin damage later in life. Sun protection recommendations vary depending on a child's age:
For infants younger than 6 months, direct sun exposure should be avoided whenever possible. Protection should focus on shade, covered strollers, umbrellas, lightweight long-sleeved clothing, and wide-brimmed hats. If shade is unavailable, a minimal amount of sunscreen may be applied to small exposed areas such as the face and backs of the hands.
Once children are older than 6 months, sunscreen becomes an important part of their outdoor routine. Mineral sunscreens containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide are often a good choice because they tend to be less irritating to young, sensitive skin. Around age 2, many children can transition to regular sunscreen products, although it's always wise to test a small area of skin first to watch for irritation.
When selecting sunscreen, choose a product with an SPF of 30 or higher. Apply it 15 to 30 minutes before heading outdoors, allowing time for it to dry and adhere properly to the skin. Sunscreen should be reapplied every two hours and more frequently after swimming or heavy sweating. Many parents find sunscreen sticks especially useful for applying protection to children's faces without getting sunscreen in their eyes.
Hydration
Hydration is another critical component of summer safety. Children can become dehydrated quickly when temperatures rise, especially when they are running, swimming, and playing for hours at a time. Unlike adults, children may not recognize early signs of thirst or may be too distracted by fun activities to stop and drink.
For babies younger than 6 months, breast milk or formula provides all the hydration they need. Between 6 and 12 months, small sips of water can be introduced, but breast milk or formula should remain the primary source of fluids. Water intake in this age group should generally be limited to about 4 to 8 ounces per day.
For toddlers ages 1 to 3 years, milk and water should become the primary beverages, with a goal of approximately 32 ounces of fluids daily.
Children ages 4 to 8 years typically need around 40 ounces per day.
Older children between 9 and 13 years should aim for about 56 to 64 ounces daily, while teenagers may need anywhere from 64 to 88 ounces per day depending on their size and activity level.
Parents should also watch for signs of dehydration and heat-related illness. Dry lips, decreased urination, unusual fatigue, dizziness, headache, or irritability can all signal that a child needs more fluids and a break from the heat. If a child develops vomiting, confusion, difficulty waking up, or other concerning symptoms, medical attention should be sought promptly.
Dressing children appropriately, seeking shade during the hottest parts of the day, applying sunscreen consistently, and encouraging regular water breaks—even when kids say they aren't thirsty—can help prevent sunburn, dehydration, and heat-related illness. These simple precautions allow families to spend less time worrying and more time enjoying the dog days of summer.